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Drug Information

Detailed information about common medications including uses, how they work, side effects, dosage information, and safety considerations.

Acetaminophen

Analgesic and antipyretic used for pain relief and fever reduction.

Alpha-Galactosidase

Digestive enzyme supplement that helps break down complex carbohydrates to prevent gas and bloating.

Avobenzone

Chemical sunscreen active that provides excellent UVA protection, commonly found in broad-spectrum sunscreens.

Artificial Tears

Lubricating eye drops used to relieve dry, irritated eyes by supplementing natural tears.

Bacitracin

Topical antibiotic used to prevent infection in minor cuts, scrapes, and burns.

Benzocaine

Topical anesthetic for mouth and throat pain, providing fast-acting numbing relief from sore throats and canker sores.

Benzoyl Peroxide

Topical acne treatment that kills bacteria and helps unclog pores, available in various OTC strengths.

Bismuth Subsalicylate

Over-the-counter medication used to treat diarrhea, upset stomach, nausea, heartburn, and indigestion.

Bisacodyl

Stimulant laxative (Dulcolax) that triggers bowel movements within 6-12 hours orally or 15-60 minutes as suppository.

Cetirizine

Second-generation antihistamine used to relieve allergy symptoms.

Clotrimazole

Antifungal medication used to treat athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm, and yeast infections.

Calcium Carbonate

Antacid used to relieve heartburn, acid indigestion, and upset stomach by neutralizing stomach acid.

Calcium Citrate

Calcium supplement that absorbs well without stomach acid, ideal for people on PPIs or with low stomach acid.

Capsaicin

Topical pain reliever from chili peppers that provides warming relief for chronic pain after regular use.

Dextromethorphan

Cough suppressant used to temporarily relieve cough caused by colds and other irritants.

Dicyclomine

Anticholinergic antispasmodic used to treat intestinal cramping and spasms associated with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

Dimenhydrinate

Antihistamine used to prevent and treat motion sickness, nausea, and vomiting.

Diphenhydramine

Antihistamine used for allergy symptoms and as an over-the-counter sleep aid.

Docusate Sodium

Stool softener that helps prevent constipation by allowing water to penetrate and soften stool.

Esomeprazole

Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) used to reduce stomach acid for heartburn and GERD, similar to omeprazole.

Epinephrine

Emergency medication for anaphylaxis, available as auto-injectors (EpiPen, Auvi-Q) by prescription.

Emollients

Moisturizing treatments used to manage eczema, dry skin, and other conditions by restoring the skin barrier.

Famotidine

H2 blocker used to reduce stomach acid and relieve heartburn and acid indigestion.

Ferrous Gluconate

Gentler iron supplement (Fergon) with fewer GI side effects, containing 12% elemental iron.

Ferrous Sulfate

Most common iron supplement for treating iron deficiency anemia, containing 20% elemental iron.

Fish Oil

Omega-3 fatty acid supplement from fatty fish, used for heart health, triglycerides, and inflammation.

Fluticasone

Nasal corticosteroid spray (Flonase) for long-term allergy relief, reducing inflammation over days to weeks.

Folic Acid

Essential B vitamin (B9) critical for pregnancy to prevent neural tube defects and treat folate deficiency.

Guaifenesin

Expectorant used to loosen mucus and phlegm in the chest.

Glycerin Suppositories

Fast-acting rectal laxative providing constipation relief within 15-60 minutes through osmotic action.

Hydrocortisone

Topical corticosteroid used to relieve hemorrhoid symptoms including itching, burning, and swelling.

Hydrogen Peroxide

Common antiseptic used for cleaning minor wounds, though current guidance favors limited use.

Ibuprofen

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for pain, fever, and inflammation.

Ketotifen

Antihistamine eye drops used to relieve itchy eyes caused by allergies with 12-hour relief.

Krill Oil

Phospholipid-bound omega-3 supplement from Antarctic krill with astaxanthin for heart and joint health.

Lactobacillus

Probiotic bacteria used to support gut health and prevent antibiotic-associated diarrhea.

Loperamide

Anti-diarrheal medication used to treat acute diarrhea and reduce bowel movements.

Loratadine

Second-generation antihistamine for allergy relief with minimal drowsiness.

Magnesium Hydroxide

Antacid and laxative used to relieve heartburn, acid indigestion, and occasional constipation.

Magnesium Glycinate

Well-absorbed chelated magnesium supplement known for calming effects and minimal GI side effects.

Magnesium Oxide

High-dose magnesium supplement also used as a laxative, with lower absorption but more elemental magnesium per pill.

Meclizine

Antihistamine used to prevent and treat motion sickness and vertigo with less drowsiness than dimenhydrinate.

Miconazole

Antifungal medication used to treat athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm, and yeast infections.

Melatonin

Natural hormone supplement used for sleep problems, jet lag, and circadian rhythm disorders.

Menthol

Cooling topical analgesic that provides quick, temporary relief for muscle aches, joint pain, and minor injuries.

Neomycin

Topical aminoglycoside antibiotic used to prevent infection in minor wounds, often in combination products.

Nicotine Gum

Nicotine replacement therapy gum for smoking cessation with on-demand craving relief.

Nicotine Patch

Transdermal nicotine replacement therapy providing steady nicotine delivery for smoking cessation.

Omeprazole

Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) used to reduce stomach acid for heartburn and GERD.

Oxymetazoline

Powerful nasal decongestant spray (Afrin) for fast congestion relief, limited to 3 days to avoid rebound.

Phenol

Oral anesthetic spray (Chloraseptic) that numbs sore throat pain without the rare blood disorder risk of benzocaine.

Phenylephrine

Nasal decongestant used to relieve congestion from colds, allergies, and sinus infections.

Pseudoephedrine

Nasal decongestant for congestion relief, requires ID to purchase.

Psyllium

Natural fiber supplement used to relieve constipation and promote digestive regularity.

Polyethylene Glycol

Osmotic laxative used to treat occasional constipation by drawing water into the colon.

Povidone-Iodine

Broad-spectrum antiseptic (Betadine) used for wound cleaning and surgical skin preparation.

Pyrithione Zinc

Anti-dandruff shampoo ingredient that kills yeast and bacteria, gentle enough for daily use.

Saccharomyces boulardii

Probiotic yeast that's antibiotic-resistant, ideal for preventing diarrhea during antibiotic treatment.

Salicylic Acid

Beta-hydroxy acid (BHA) used to treat acne by exfoliating pores and preventing blackheads and whiteheads.

Saline Nasal Spray

Drug-free salt water spray for moisturizing nasal passages and relieving congestion safely at any age.

Saline (Wound Cleaning)

Isotonic salt solution (0.9% NaCl) for cleaning wounds without damaging tissue—preferred over hydrogen peroxide.

Selenium Sulfide

Powerful anti-dandruff shampoo for stubborn cases, used twice weekly to control yeast and scaling.

Senna

Natural stimulant laxative (Senokot) from plant leaves, providing overnight constipation relief in 6-12 hours.

Simethicone

Anti-foaming agent used to relieve gas, bloating, and discomfort from excess gas in the digestive tract.

Triamcinolone

Nasal corticosteroid spray (Nasacort) for allergy relief, scent-free and alcohol-free with once-daily dosing.

Vitamin B12

Essential vitamin for nerve function and red blood cell formation, critical for vegans and older adults.

Vitamin D2

Plant-derived vitamin D supplement used to prevent and treat vitamin D deficiency, suitable for vegans.

Vitamin D3

The most effective form of vitamin D for treating deficiency and maintaining bone health and immune function.

Witch Hazel

Natural astringent used to soothe hemorrhoid symptoms with cooling relief and gentle cleansing.

Zinc Oxide

Mineral sunscreen that provides immediate, broad-spectrum UV protection by reflecting rays, safe for sensitive skin.

Zinc Acetate

High-concentration zinc supplement used in cold lozenges and as prescription treatment for Wilson's disease.

Zinc Gluconate

Common zinc supplement form used in cold lozenges and general supplementation with good tolerability.

Cranberry Supplements

Natural supplement containing proanthocyanidins (PACs) used to help prevent urinary tract infections.

Low-Dose Aspirin

81mg aspirin used for cardiovascular protection through antiplatelet effects, preventing heart attacks and strokes.

Naproxen

Long-acting NSAID (Aleve) for pain and inflammation with 8-12 hour duration, requiring fewer daily doses than ibuprofen.

Oral Rehydration Solution

Precisely formulated electrolyte solution (Pedialyte) for treating dehydration from diarrhea, vomiting, and illness.

Phenazopyridine

Urinary tract analgesic (AZO) providing rapid relief from UTI symptoms like burning and urgency, maximum 2-day use.

Regular Aspirin

325-650mg aspirin for pain relief, fever reduction, and inflammation with analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.

Sports Drinks

Electrolyte beverages (Gatorade, Powerade) designed for hydration during prolonged exercise, not for illness.

Saw Palmetto

Herbal supplement from palm berries marketed for prostate health and BPH symptoms, though clinical evidence is disappointing.

Beta-Sitosterol

Plant sterol supplement for BPH symptoms with stronger evidence than saw palmetto for improving urinary flow.

Black Cohosh

Herbal supplement for menopause symptoms, non-estrogenic but with FDA liver toxicity warnings. Limit to 6 months.

Soy Isoflavones

Phytoestrogen supplement from soy for menopause symptoms, safer long-term profile than black cohosh.

Prenatal Vitamins With Iron

Standard pregnancy supplements with 27-30mg iron to prevent anemia and support fetal development.

Prenatal Vitamins Without Iron

Iron-free pregnancy supplements for women with hemochromatosis or severe iron intolerance. Requires monitoring.

Aloe Vera

Natural gel for minor burns and sunburn relief, providing cooling, moisturizing, and modest healing support.

Antihistamines

Medications that block histamine to relieve mild allergy symptoms like itching, hives, and sneezing.

Silver Sulfadiazine

Prescription topical antimicrobial cream (Silvadene) for preventing infection in second and third-degree burns.

Acetaminophen for Fever

When and how to use acetaminophen (Tylenol) to safely reduce fever in adults and children.

Ibuprofen for Fever

When and how to use ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) to reduce fever safely in adults and children 6+ months.

IV Fluids

Understanding when intravenous fluids are needed for severe dehydration and medical emergencies.